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Ch 29 -- HP-UX FAQs
UNIX Unleashed, Internet Edition
- 29 -
HP-UX FAQs
By Chris Byers
Given the complexity of the HP-UX operating system, no one could really say that
they know everything there is to know about it. Particularly with the release of
HP-UX 10.x, there are a great number of new features and changes.
Hewlett-Packard basically overhauled its operating system with the release of
HP-UX 10.0
In the releases from 8.0 to 9.04, the operating system was based on the Berkeley
(BSD) style of UNIX. From release 10.0 forward, HP-UX is based on the System V (SVR4)
style. This meant, not only a change in the location of system related files and
softlinks to old locations for backward compatibility, but a shift in philosophy
in the direction of Hewlett-Packard's variant of UNIX.
Hewlett-Packard's goal was to attain compatibility with the OSF (Open Systems
Foundation) standard for UNIX operating systems. In doing this, Hewlett-Packard has
done its part to ensure industry wide compliance with this standard. Additionally,
since HP is the market leader in UNIX operating systems, the rest of the industry
is somewhat obliged to follow its lead.
In this section we will cover such subjects as finding HP-UX stuff, third party
vendors, utilities, HP-VUE, the HP-UX operating system, programming libraries, compilers
and linkers, various hardware and peripherals, file locations, version 10.x specifics
and version 9.10 specifics.
The biggest theme that you will find throughout this section is the differences
between version 9.x and 10.x, and how to get them to work together.
Finding HP-UX Stuff
This section covers some of the more common questions on how to find resources
for the HP-UX operating system.
Where can I find ftp sites for HP-UX software?
Here are a few sites with a description of their contents:
Site: ftp://interworks.org/pub/comp.hp
Contents: The InterWorks HP-UX Library in the directory pub/comp.hp as
described above. The iworks node also keeps the last four to six months
of comp.sys.hp.hpux online (via an InterWorks
member logon. An archive going back to June 1990 is available. Contact the InterWorks
librarian for details.
Additionally, a large (about 1300 line) "HP-UX Troubleshooting Guide"
is available under the InterWorks member logon.
There is also a mail server at mail-server@csc.liv.ac.uk
for users without FTP.
| Name: |
ftp://hpux.ask.uni-karlsruhe.de |
| Contents: |
Official German HP-UX archive site (same as hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk) |
| Name: |
ftp://hpux.cae.wisc.edu |
| Contents: |
Official US HP-UX archive site (same as hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk) |
| Name: |
ftp://hpux.cict.fr |
| Contents: |
Official French HP-UX archive site (same as hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk) |
| Name: |
ftp://hpux.ced.tudelft.nl |
| Contents: |
Official Netherlands HP-UX archive site (same as hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk) |
| Name: |
ftp://hpux.ee.ualberta.ca |
| Contents: |
Official Canadian HP-UX archive site (same as hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk) |
| Name: |
ftp://hpux.dsi.unimi.it |
| Contents: |
Official Italian HP-UX archive site (same as hpux.csc.liv.ac.uk) |
| Site: |
ftp://export.lcs.mit.edu |
| Contents: |
The X Window System and contributed clients. |
| Site: |
ftp://hpcvaaz.cv.hp.com |
| Contents: |
X Window System libraries and utilities.
ftp://hpcvaaz.cv.hp.com/readonly/hp-vue/ENWARE/released/b0502
contains the latest version of the Envisex and other HP X station software.
There are subdirectories for HP-UX hosts, Solaris and SunOS. |
| Site: |
ftp://ftp-boi.external.hp.com |
| Contents: |
Drivers for HP printers. |
| Site: |
ftp://lut.fi/pub/hpux
ftp://lut.fi/pub/unix/hp-ux |
| Contents: |
Various |
| Site: |
ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/unix/arch/hpux |
| Contents: |
Various |
| Site: |
ftp://prep.ai.mit.edu |
| Contents: |
The Free Software Foundation's GNU utilities, etc. |
| Site: |
ftp://hybrid.irfu.se/pub |
| Contents: |
X11 archive and shared libraries, full imake support, and all missing .h
files for both X11R4 and R5, dvi2pcl. |
| Site: |
ftp://geod.emr.ca |
| Contents: |
GNU stuff ported to HP-UX 9.x by Pierre Mathieu. |
| Site: |
http://www.cup.hp.com/netperf/NetperfPage.html |
| Contents: |
netperf, a network performance measurement tool. |
| Site: |
ftp://jazz.gsfc.nasa.gov |
| Contents: |
bathymetry, FFT, graph, pgplot, triangulation, sortroutine |
| Site: |
ftp://us.external.hp.com |
| Contents: |
HP-UX patches available from FTP for SupportLine customers. |
| Site: |
ftp://patch.external.hp.com |
| Contents: |
European mirror of us.external.hp.com |
| Site: |
ftp://jaguar.cs.utah.edu/dist
Currently available in the dist directory:
gdb-4.13.u4
binutils-2.5.2.u4
gcc-2.6.3.u6
libg++-2.6.2.u2 |
There is no more hpgdb, and gas is now bundled in the binutils.
The prebuilt binaries can be retrieved all at once from
hpuxbin.tar.Z, or in pieces from the hpuxbin directory.
How can I find out what patches are installed on my
machine?
On the 9.x systems, there is an installation directory where all the patches are
stored. This is the /system directory, and all patches will be included
in subdirectories named for the patch. For example, if the patch was the PHSS_9999
patch, there would be a directory named /system/PHSS_9999. The contents
would probably look like this:
CDFinfo
copyright
customize
index
new/
orig/
The two subdirectories /system/new and /system/orig contain
any modules that were not installed with the patch and the modules that were replaced
by the patch, respectively.
Really, the only file that you don't need to archive and get off the disk are
the customize file, since it has a list of the modules replaced.
The patches that have been installed are listed in the /etc/filesets
directory. A listing of this directory will show what patches have been put on the
system.
If the preceding files and directories are missing, there may not be any easy
way to tell what is installed, aside from checking the results of what commands
against the PHSS_xxxx.txt file.
In 10.x, it is a little easier to list the current patches on the system. The
swlist command gives a list of the installed patches, as well as some detail
into what modules were and weren't installed. In addition, the swinstall
command can be somewhat useful in finding installed patches.
Is there a web site where I can get patches?
The web address is http://us.external.hp.com/.
You can download patches from this site, and pointers are available for other related
sites.
What types of periodicals are available for HP-UX?
Here's a short list of publications that cover only HP-UX:
- "hp-ux/usr" is a newsletter put out by the company Interex. This features
many contributions from the members of InterWorks and various System Administrators
and users throughout the industry.
- "HP-Professional" is a magazine printed by Cardinal Business Media,
Inc. for "Hewlett-Packard Enterprise Computing". This covers MPE, HP-UX,
PCs, Peripherals, and Networking, with both a technical and commercial slant. The
publisher can be contacted at:
Cardinal Business Media, Inc.
101 Witmer Road
Horsham, PA 19044
- "The HP Chronicle" is a chronicle of news from HP and other vendors
of products compatible with HP. The publisher can be contacted at:
Publications and Communications, Inc.
12416 Hymeadow Dr.
Austin, TX
What's the best book on HP-UX that I can get?
Well, there aren't that many out there, but the best one I know of is The HP-UX
System Administrator's "How To" Book by Marty Poniatowski, published
by Printice Hall Hewlett-Packard Professional books, ISBN 0-13-099821-4.
I use this book a lot, and it is probably more used than any other manual I have.
In one particular instance, I couldn't find any material to decipher the text-based
version of glance plus I was using. The only source of information I could
find was that book, and it was quite thorough. There are also a lot of good tips
for both workstation and server administration that you probably won't get anywhere
else.
What mailing lists should I subscribe to?
There is an HP-UX system administration mailing list run by Bart Muyzer to which
you can subscribe. All you have to do is send e-mail to majordomo@cv.ruu.nl
with the subject SUBSCRIBE. The body of the message should read:
subscribe hpux-admin
end
This will automatically subscribe you to the e-mail service. If you have any questions
about the service, just go to the address owner-hpux-admin@cv.ruu.nl.
What WWW sites are available for HP-related issues?
HP's main site is at http://www.hp.com.
From there, you can search for product information and more.
The support line page is located at http://us.external.hp.com.
Here you can resolve software problems by searching up-to-date support and problem-solving
databases.
Here are some other HP-related WWW sites:
How can I get my hands on the SunOS to HP-UX Porting
Guide?
You can get the electronic versions of the guide at the Interworks Library. You
can access the library by:
FTP: www.interworks.org
WWW URL: ftp://www.interworks.org
/pub/comp.hp/porting_info/
sun_hpux_port_ascii_0295 ASCII version of the Porting Guide
sun_hpux_port_html_0295.tar WWW HTML version of the Porting Guide
sun_hpux_port_ps_0295.tar Postscript (level 3) version
Third-Party Vendors for HP-UX
The following is a list of vendors for HP-specific products:
Third-party vendors for RAM:
The following vendors are listed in alphabetical order. No guarantees are made
regarding compatibility or relative merit of the vendors. Table 29.1 contains other
vendors and their products associated with HP-UX.
Camintonn
22 Morgan
Irvine, CA 92718
(800) 843-8336
(714) 454-6500 |
Clearpoint Research Corporation
1000 E. Woodfield Road, Suite 102
Schaumburg, IL 60173
Schaumburg, IL 60173 |
Concorde Technologies
7966 Arjons Dr. B-201
San Diego, CA 92126
(800) 359-0282
(619) 578-3188 |
Dataram
PO Box 7528
Princeton, NJ 08543-7528
(800) DATARAM
(800) 799-0071 |
Digitial Micronics
2075 Corte Del Nogal
Unit N
Carlsbad, CA 92009 |
Eventide
1 Alsan Way
Little Ferry, NJ 07643
(201) 641-1200 |
Helios Systems
1996 Lundy Ave
San Jose, CA 95131
(408) 432-0292
(800) 366-0283 |
Herstal Automation
3171 West Twelve Mile Rd.
Berkley, MI 48072
(313) 548-2001 |
IEM
P.O. Box 1889
Fort Collins, CO 80522
(800) 321-4671
(303) 221-3005 |
Infotek Systems
625 South Lincoln
Suite 204
Steamboat Springs, CO 80487
(800) 767-1084 |
Intelligent Interfaces
P.O. Box 1486
Stone Mountain, GA 30086-1486
(800) 842-0888 |
ISA Ltd
1-1-5 Sekiguchi
Bunkyo-Ku
Tokyo 112 Japan
81-3 (5261) 1160
US Office (Texas)
(713) 493-9925 |
Kelly Computer Systems
1101 San Antonio Rd.
Mountain View, CA 94043
(415) 960-1010 |
Kingston Technology Corporation
17600 Newhope Street
Fountain Valley, CA 92708
(714) 435-2600 |
Martech
1151 W. Valley Blvd.
Alhambra, CA 91803-2493
(800) 582-3555
(818) 281-3555 |
Merida Systems
(617) 933-6790 |
MDL Corporation
15301 NE 90th St.
Redmond, WA 98052
FAX (206)861-6767
(800)800-3766
(206)861-6700 |
|
Newport Digital
14731 Franklin Avenue
Suite A
Tustin, CA 92680
(714) 730-3644 |
R Squared
11211 E. Arapahoe Rd., Suite 200
Englewood, CO 80112
(303) 799-9292
(800) 777-3478 |
GFKT HCS Computertechnik GmbH
Oldesloer Str.97-99
22457 Hamburg
Germany |
|
Table 29.1 Third party vendors for other stuff
| Vendor |
Product(s) |
Andataco Road
10140 Mesa Rim
San Diego, CA 92009
(619)453-9191
inquire@andataco.com |
System integrator and peripheral reseller |
Disk Emulation Systems, Inc.
3080 Oakmead Village Dr.
Santa Clara, CA 95051
FAX: 408-727-5496
(408)727-5497
diskmsys@netcom.com |
Solid-state disk emulators (SSDs) |
IEM, Inc.
1629 Blue Spruce Drive
Fort Collins, CO 80524
Voice: (303)221-3005
FAX: (303)221-1909
email: info@iem.com |
Tapes (4mm, 8mm, QIC, 3480), disks, optical, floppy and backup software. SCSI and
HP-IB peripherals. |
Interphase Corporation
Dallas, Texas 75234
(214)919-9000 |
High performance bus interfaces 13800 Senlac (EISA/FDDI, VME/ATM.) |
ITAC Systems, Inc.
3113 Benton St.
Garland, TX 75042
(800)533-4822
yvonne@moustrak.com |
Supports Mouse-trak trackball for HP-HIL |
MDL Corporation
15301 NE 90th St.
Redmond, WA 98052
FAX (206)861-6767
(800)800-3766
(206)861-6700 |
Disk, tape, optical, jukebox, EISA expansion, RAID, others. |
Modular Industrial Computers
(615)499-0700
Norma Hansen |
MICHIL PS2 to HP-HIL converter. Allows standard PC keyboards and mice to be connected
to HP Workstations. |
SBE, Inc.
4550 Norris Canyon Road
San Ramon, CA 94583-1389
(510)355-2000
(800)925-2666
fax (510)355-2020 |
EISA serial and SCSI boards. |
Texas ISA
14825 St. Mary's Lane
Suite 250
Houston, TX 77079
(713)493-9925
(800)361-2258
sales@texasisa.com
support@texasisa.com |
SCSI & HP-IB External Storage Sub-Systems. UNIX Power Management Solutions-Auto.
Startup/Shutdown Devices for networked and non-networked UNIX systems. |
Vital, Inc.
4109 Candlewyck Drive
Plano, TX 75024
U.S.A
(214) 491-6907
(214) 491-6909
info@vital.com |
Modern Graphical File Editor With Enhanced Softbench Encapsulation. |
Workstation Solutions
One Overlook Drive
Amherst, NH 03031-2800
Voice: (603) 880-0080
FAX: (603) 880-0696
jimm@worksta.com
(Jimm Parsons, Technical Services Manager) |
Data backup and recovery solutions. |
Confluent, Inc.
132 Encline Court
San Francisco, CA 94127
Voice: (415) 586-8700
FAX: (415) 586-8700
info@confluent.com
http://www.confluent.com |
UNIX diagramming and flowcharting tools for engineering, technical, and business
graphics. |
How do I set up perl on my HP-UX machine?
Respond to the configuration questions as follows:
- 1. When asked for optimization flags: +O1 for HP-UX 7.05 or earlier
-O for HP-UX 8.0 or later.
2. For additional flags to cc, type in -DJMPCLOBBER.
3. On additional libraries, only put in -lndbm -lm. Ignore any other
libraries that may show up. You can also add -lBSD if you want to add the
BSD signal semantics.
4. When asked to use perl's malloc, you can answer y, but
in HP-UX 8.07 and above, HP's malloc will work just fine.
5. When asked on which boundary a double must be aligned, answer 8
if you are on a 9000/800 or a 9000/700 (server or workstation) series machine, or
2 for a Motorola 68k (Motorola CPU-based architecture) machine.
The HP-VUE Graphical User Interface
This section covers questions on the HP-VUE X windows based graphics system.
Why are there some things missing from X11 in HP-VUE?
As you may have noticed, HP does not ship a full set of X11 libraries and include
files, and does not provide imake or associated tools. There is an HP-maintained,
but UNSUPPORTED, set of X11R4 libraries and utilities for the HP 9000 Series 300,
400, 700, and 800. You can get the libraries, include files, and config
files (imake) via anonymous ftp from
ftp://hpcvaaz.cv.hp.com/pub/MitX11R4/libs.s*00.tar.Z
The above file is archived on the iworks node. HP has also submitted
X11R5 sources to the iworks node, and Bo Thide has X11R4 and R5 support
available via anonymous FTP, as mentioned above.
Note that imake is shipped with HP-UX 10.x.
How would I display an image on the root window with
HP-VUE?
To do this, you must change the following: Set Vuewm*backdrop*image: none.
In the Style Manager for HP-VUE 3.0, there is an explicit choice for this option.
When the backdrop is clear, you can use xloadimage, xsetroot,or
xv to display the image of your choice.
How can I get a scroll bar on hpterm windows?
First you must set the resources:
Hpterm*scrollBar:TRUE
Hpterm*saveLines:1024
The saveLines setting can be any large number you choose for saving the
number of lines in a window. This number can also be specified for the number of
screens you would like to save, such as 4s for four screens. You can do
this interactively by using the command hpterm -sb -sl 1024.
These settings can be placed in the app-default file (/usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/Hpterm).
You can have the hpterm window come up with these setting from the VUE
panel terminal icon. You can also have their login shell run at the startup of the
terminal.
To do this, you must modify the default action of the VUE panel. For a system-wide
change, you must modify the /usr/vue/types/xclients.vf file. Simply modify
the line hpterm to read hpterm -ls -sb -sl 400. For example:
| ACTION |
Hpterm |
| TYPE |
COMMAND |
| WINDOW-TYPE |
NO-STDIO |
| EXEC-STRING |
hpterm -ls -sb -sl 400 |
| DESCRIPTION |
The Hpterm action starts an hpterm terminal emulator. |
How can I put a title in my hpterm titlebar?
This short program should do the trick:
/* Quick and dirty program to put argv[1] in the title bar of an hpterm
Tom Arons March 1992
*/
#include <string.h>
main(argc,argv)
int argc; char **argv;
{
printf(" 33&f0k%dD%s", strlen(argv[1]), argv[1]);
printf(" 33&f-1k%dD%s", strlen(argv[1]), argv[1]);
}
An alternative is
#!/bin/sh
LENGTH='strlen $1'
echo "&f0k${LENGTH}D$1c"
That's ESC between the first quote and the f0k.
strlen, in case you don't have it, comes from:
#include <stdio.h>
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
int *argv[];
{
if (argc != 2)
exit(0);
printf("%dn", strlen(argv[1]));
}
To set the title in the icon:
#!/bin/sh
LENGTH='strlen $1'
echo "&f-1k${LENGTH}D$1c"
Where the & is ESC.
Or, you could do it the easy way and start a new window with nohup, run
it in the background, and exit out of the original window, using hpterm
with the -title option. For example:
nohup hpterm -title (window title) &
Then you can exit out of the original window.
Sometimes my hpterms are disappearing all by
themselves. Why?
If you are using the C Shell, check to see if the autologout is set.
The default is 60 minutes.
To get rid of this problem, simply edit your .cshrc file and add the
line unset autologout.
If you are using the Korn shell, there is a value that may be set for the shell
variable TMOUT. To get rid of the timeout period, set this variable to 0.
I'm using a Sun workstation running HP X/Motif clients.
How come they take such a long time to display?
This is a problem specific to Sun workstations. There is a patch available from
Sun; OW3 patch 100444-35 or the current replacement patch.
This was supposed to be fixed in OW 3.0.1. If you are unable to get a patch or
you just need a temporary fix, you can get around this problem by setting the X resource
*useColorObj: False on the Sun workstation side of things.
How can I get my login default to work when I use HP-VUE?
- 1. The HP-VUE User's Guide suggests that people make a copy of /usr/vue/config/sys.vueprofile
to ~/.vueprofile. This file contains a detailed set of comments about setting
it up so that .login or .profile will be sourced correctly (including
details on making sure that tset(1)-like programs are only run when NOT
in HP-VUE).
2. When you login via VUE, VUE sources ~/.vueprofile INSTEAD OF your
.login (csh), .profile (sh/ksh), and other startup
files. Whatever actions are taken in ~/.vueprofile are persistent across
any children started by VUE. This means that if you symbolic link ~/.vueprofile
to your ~/.profile, VUE will source your ~/.profile before starting
the window system, and all children (hpterms, xterms, and their
interactive shells) will inherit this environment (prompt variables and all).
The documentation indicates your ~/.vueprofile should contain either
csh, or sh/ksh syntax, depending upon what your login
shell is. When csh is my login shell, I set my ~/.vueprofile to
contain only two lines:
if ( -f /etc/csh.login ) source /etc/csh.login
if ( -f ~/.cshrc ) source ~/.cshrc
When sh/ksh is my login shell, I set my ~/.vueprofile
to contain only two lines:
test -f /etc/profile && . /etc/profile
test -f ${HOME}/.profile && . ${HOME}/.profile
So, before starting the window manager and any clients, VUE makes sure that all
my shell startup files are sourced and all the variables I want in my shell environment
are already there and waiting for me.
How can I get the console messages to go to an hpterm
window on my workstation?
First, you need to designate an hpterm session as the window that will
receive console messages. That's the easy part. The hard part is getting some kind
of clean output that you can actually read.
You need to put this line into your ~/.vue/sessions/home/vue.session
file (note that the second line is wrapped for readability):
# Start up the Terminal Console as iconic, and raise it if any output
vuesmcmd -cmd "hpterm -C -iconic -ls -sb -sl 256 -name Console -T Console
-xrm *mapOnOutputDelay: 30 -xrm *mapOnOutput: True
-xrm Console*clientFunctions: -close -xrm *workspaceList: all"
When you restart your workspace, this should pop up a window with the output of
the system console messages.
How can I get my vuewm key accelerators to
work again in VUE 3.0?
You need to add an entry into the ~/.vue/vuewmrc file:
Menu VueWindowMenu
{
"Restore" _R Alt<Key>F5 f.normalize
"Move" _M Alt<Key>F7 f.move
"Size" _S Alt<Key>F8 f.resize
"Minimize" _n Alt<Key>F9 f.minimize
"Maximize" _x Alt<Key>F10 f.maximize
"Lower" _L Alt<Key>F3 f.lower
no-label f.separator
"Occupy..." _O Alt<Key>O f.workspace_presence
"Occupy all" _a Alt Shift<Key>O f.occupy_all
no-label f.separator
"Remove from WS" _e Alt Shift <Key>F4 f.remove
"Close" _C Alt<Key>F4 f.kill
You also have to add the resource
Vuewm*windowMenu: VueWindowMenu
and restart the window manager. Then you should be good to go.
Why does the vi editor get all whacked out in xterm
on a 9.01 system?
If you are using the C shell, the problem is located in the initial settings for
LINES/COLUMNS. You can work around this problem by adding the following
to .cshrc:
if ( $?WINDOWID ) then
set noglob;eval '/usr/bin/X11/resize';unset noglob
endif
A patch is available for this problem. It is PHSS-2753. I suggest that you get
the patch and implement it as soon as you can, especially if you use the xterm
window a lot.
What is the best way to disable HP-VUE?
Here is one recommendation that is documented for X terminals (it works for workstations
too). This takes advantage of the fact that Vue sets several environment variables
for the session, one of which is USER.
Modify the /usr/lib/X11/vue/Vuelogin/Xsession (pre-9.0 HPUX) or the /usr/vue/config/Xsession
(9.0 HPUX and later) file:
- 1. Go to the portion that contains the comment Determine the startup
if the user didn't specify one.--approximately line 295 in an unaltered version
of the file.
2. Add a following case statement to fit your needs. It should
look something like:
case $USER in
martha | joe) startup=${HOME}/.x11start''
esac
You can add as much or as little intelligence to this as you like. The above assumes
that the users' have a .x11start script in their home directories, that
its permissions are correct, and so on. You can build in a fallback mechanism. For
example, the script will check to see if the user has a .x11start script
and, if not, fall back to /usr/lib/X11/sys.x11start. To see an example of
this logic, do a more(1) on /usr/bin/x11start.
The above case statement is documented in Chapter 2 of the "HP 700/RX
System Administrators Guide."
Another method of disabling VUE assumes you have a .xsession file that
starts up your initial xterms, other programs, and window manager. Replace
your ~/.vueprofile with:
#! /bin/sh
exec sh $HOME/.xsession
Note that the first line was needed, because /usr/lib/X11/vue/Vuelogin/Xsession
looks for the shell it wants to use.
My whole screen just got stuck. What can I do, short
of rebooting?
You could try to unplug the keyboard for about five seconds and plug it back in.
If you do this, you must run xset -r to get the autorepeat back.
Is there any way to get an X client to come up in an
alternate workspace?
You should be able to do this by running the command client -xrm workspaceList:<name>.
How can I override the system default printer in vuepad?
First, you must copy the global vuepad to your home directory:
cp /usr/vue/types/vuepad.vf $HOME/.vue/types
Next, you must edit the vuepad.vf file and change the ACTION PRINT_PR_VPAD
line as follows:
# The PRINT_PR_VPAD
This action paginates its arguments using pr(1) and prints. It uses arg
2 for a title. It then removes the temp # file. This action is used
by the client vuepad.
ACTION PRINT_PR_VPAD
TYPE COMMAND
WINDOW-TYPE NO-STDIO
EXEC-HOST %LocalHost%
EXEC-STRING /bin/sh -c "pr -h %Arg_2% %(File)Arg_1% |
lp -d%"Printer:"%; rm %(File)Arg_1%"
END
If you implement this, the dialog box will prompt you for the printer name.
Be careful that you don't have the LPDEST set in your .vueprofile,
because lp will use that instead of the system default.
How can I prevent anyone from logging in as root from
the console with VUE?
This can be configured in your /usr/vue/config/Xstartup. Here is a good
example of a configuration:
if [ -f /etc/securetty ] &&
# pwget is an HP command which checks also for Yellow Pages.
# exit code from awk is inverted (!) since sh's tests are...
# === a more simple test would be [ "$USER" = root ] ===
pwget -n "$USER" | awk -F: '{ exit !($3 == 0) }'; then
echo Root Login not allowed | /usr/lib/X11/ignition/text_dialog ERROR
exit 1
fi
if [ -f /etc/nologin ]; then
exit 1
fi
exit 0
See man vuelogin(1X) for more details.
The HP-UX Operating system
This section focuses on operating system-specific issues, the solutions to which
may not be so obvious.
How do I determine what the device name for the CD-ROM
drive is so I can add it into the /etc/checklist file for mounting? I'm
using an HP9000 machine running 9.04.
The best thing to do is to go into SAM under the disks and filesystems
section to set up your CD-ROM. Sam not only gives the advantage of ease of use, but
it also ties up all the loose ends, such as creating the entry in the /etc/checklist
file.
Go into filesystem, then pull down Actions|Create a New Filesystem, then choose
non-lvm filesystem. A list will pop up showing the configured disks on the
system, one of which will be your CD-ROM. Now fill in the required fields. You will
have to already have a directory created to which you mount the filesystem; /cdrom
is often the directory name used.
How would I go about extending the root volume group?
Well, it ain't easy, but it can be done, though somewhat indirectly.
There are two schools of thought on this one: Rebuild the system from scratch,
or move subdirectories and their contents to other mounted filesystems.
If you opt for rebuilding the system, you could actually look into building a
new system on another group of disks and having two operating systems from which
to choose on the same server or workstation.
Basically, all you have to do is define the primary boot path to the new root
disk, install the operating system to that disk and modify certain system files,
such as /etc/fstab, to point back to the original filesystems (except for
the root filesystem, of course). I make it sound much easier than it is,
but this procedure is actually well documented in the HP manuals.
If you decide to move the volatile directories (/usr, /opt,
/var, and other user created filesystems to other filesystems, it may be a better
idea if you don't have the extra disk space. You can only do this if you haven't
already set up the usual volatile filesystems separate from the root, or if a directory
or two is unusually large in the root filesystem.
Here, you want to do one of two things: You can create different filesystems and
create links from the original directories; or you can move everything in the original
directory to a temporary location, recursively delete everything from the original,
create a logical volume with the appropriate amount of space, mount the filesystem
from that directory, and move everything back from the temporary location. This must
be done in single-user mode.
If you choose to do it the latter way, be very cautious; certain files and directories
may not be very obliging to you, and the system may become confused. Be especially
careful around device drivers. A system panic is not a pretty site.
Also, as with any kind of operating system surgery: ALWAYS MAKE A FULL BACKUP
FIRST!!! This has come to be known as the "save your É job" step.
Whatever you choose, define a clear plan, document everything, and do a quick
runthrough before you even consider giving the patient any anesthesia.
Is there any way to change the CDFS filename from all
caps to lowercase on a 10.10 system?
No. What you must do is mount the CD using the pfs subsystem instead
of the CDFS subsystem, as is the default. This will allow you to use lowercase.
I'm planning on upgrading from 9.04 to 10.01. Would
it be easier just to do a completely new install?
Upgrading isn't that bad. As a matter of fact, it is preferable to do an upgrade
because it provides transition links that will allow you to continue to use the old
path names from 9.04, and it keeps important things intact, such as /etc/hosts,
/etc/passwd, and more.
Since upgrading from 9.04 to 10.01 is really upgrading from the BSD-based UNIX
to System V-based UNIX, many commands get moved to comply with the System V standards.
For example, all of the lvm commands get moved from /etc to /usr/sbin.
Additionally, an upgrade will retain your site-specific information and provide
analysis tools to help you convert any customized scripts you might have. The snoop
tool is used to identify errors that will pop up when you upgrade, so you have a
chance to straighten out any problems before they arise. This will help you to not
run into an abort situation on upgrade, which can completely hose your system.
As always: DO A FULL BACKUP FIRST!!!
How can I get Windows 95 clients to use NFS on my HP-UX
machine?
In general, the NFS server provides the basic file sharing capabilities (nfsd),
as well as the establishment of connections through mountd. In its basic
form it's used between all UNIX machines, which use intrinsic multi-user authentication
systems using UNIX user name and UNIX user IDs. When a user logs into an NFS client
machine, she is using its native authentication system to obtain a user ID. She can
then access files using the user ID. By implication, both systems have the same view
of the users. Since this is the case, the security authentication is performed by
the NFS server machine.
The access control of the filesystem is done at the host level by exporting or
publishing filesystems on the NFS server to individual workstations or to all NFS
client workstations. Once exported, the NFS client can explicitly choose to mount
any or all of these filesystems.
To enable file sharing between heterogeneous operating systems that employ different
authentication systems, use the PCNFS utility. The NFS client is then deemed insecure,
and the mount authentication is deferred to the NFS server or another delegated UNIX
host.
The PC compatibility server PCNFSD handles this process at the server side. An
NFS client initiates a filesystem mount by forwarding a UNIX username and password
to the PCNFSD server. The username and password are then validated, and a corresponding
UNIX user ID is obtained on behalf of the NFS client. Once the mount is established,
the original NFS server NFSD handles file requests.
Filesystem access is then controlled by exporting to specific hosts and also by
requiring the user name and user ID. Also, the PCNFSD can provide additional file
locking and printer sharing capabilities.
To start PCNFS in HP-UX 9.x:
Edit the /etc/netnfsrc file and change the line
PCNFS_SERVER=0
to
PCNFS_SERVER=1
To start PCNFS in HP-UX 10.x:
Edit the /etc/rc.config.d/nfsconf file and change the line
PCNFS_SERVER=0
to
PCNFS_SERVER=1
On both systems you must reboot the server to enable PCNFS.
Is there a nice GUI for ftp on X Windows that I can
install?
There is a program called LLNL XDIR. It provides a graphical user interface for
file transfer and for direct manipulation of local and remote directories on UNIX
and a few non-UNIX machines. It offers the ability to view directory information
in four different formats, ranging from long lists to tree structures.
LLNL XDIR is based on UNIX, C, OSF/Motif, and FTP, so it is portable across most
platforms.
Neale Smith of the Lawrence Livermore Computing Department wrote the code, and
it is available at:
ftp://coral.ocf.llnl.gov/pub/ia/llnlxdir/latest_xdir.tar.Z
You can also check out the web site at:
http://www.llnl.gov/ia/xdir.html.
What is Hewlett-Packard doing about the year 2000 problem?
According to HP documentation:
"Complete year-2000 functionality will be fully supported with HP-UX 10.30,
currently scheduled to be available in the summer of 1997. HP will patch 10.01, 10.10
and 10.20."
They are apparently not patching 9.04. Guess you might have to upgrade.
How can I look at all of the currently open files?
You can use the lsof command to show all open files for all processes
or just their listing via a wide range of filtering options, including Internet address
selections.
If you don't have losf loaded on your machine, you can pick up a free
copy at:
ftp://vic.cc.purdue.edu/pub/tools/unix/lsof
Why won't the catman command build my man database on
10.10?
There is actually a bug for which you must get a patch. You need to access the
HP patch site to get it, or you can call the HP support line to have them send you
a tape.
My system has 1.5 GB of real memory installed, and I'm
running large Oracle databases. My memory utilization never gets above 84 percent
even though I have the "Maximum Dynamic Buffer Cache Size as Percent" set
to 90. Why isn't the remaining memory being used?
The Dynamic Buffer Cache is used in 10.x instead of "buffpages" for
disk buffers. So the Oracle database will compete for the same memory as your disk
buffers, which probably accounts for some very poor cache performance.
If you set that parameter to a lower number, say, 10 percent, you should get more
performance out of your database.
When I use elm in hpterm, my arrow keys stopped
working. Why?
The settings may be wrong in your elm configuration file. Check the $HOME/.elm/elmrc
file to see if these values are set:
keypad = ON
softkeys = ON
How do I get swinstall to work with the CD-ROM
disk?
First, you must mount the CD as a filesystem. Create a directory off the root
(usually /CDROM) and use SAM to mount the CD to that directory.
Then when in the swinstall window, specify the software depot as /CDROM.
Now you can choose the software to install (after you enter the code words, of course).
How can I increase the number of inodes on a filesystem?
If you are using the VxFS filesystem, it is altered dynamically. If you're using
HFS (standard), you will have to use newfs or mkfs to rebuild the
filesystem. Unfortunately, this will also destroy all the files on this filesystem.
You can use the -i option with newfs or mkfs to change
the number of inodes.
You should keep in mind, though, that when you increase your inodes, you lose
disk space for files.
Can I make filenames that are longer than 14 characters?
If you don't already have long filenames, you can use the /etc/convertfs
utility to change to long filenames. This is a one-way street, however. You can't
go back after you've made the change.
To check for the existence of long filenames, do the following:
tunefs -v /dev/rdsk/(disk driver) |grep magic
You will get output that looks something like this:
magic 95014 clean FS_OK time Tue Mar 23 14:13:01 1993
If the number in the second field is 95014, long filenames is installed on this
file system. If the number equals 11954, the4 system is set to short filenames.
Then getconf command can also be used on each directory as follows:
getconf NAME_MAX (directory)
How can I tell what products have been loaded on my
system?
You can check the /etc/filesets directory. There you will find a file
for each fileset that has been loaded which summarizes the files in that fileset.
Several utilities use this directory, such as /etc/update, /etc/updist,
/etc/netdistd and /etc/rmfn for unloading and loading software.
On HP-UX 10.x there is a utility to do just this. Just use the swlist
command.
What is the best way to safely remove software from
an HP-UX system?
On HP-UX 9.x, the /etc/rmfn command will remove HP software cleanly.
On HP-UX 10.x systems, the utility is swremove.
Why are mail files in /usr/mail owned by the
daemon instead of the recipient?
The mail delivery agent /bin/rmail needs to be able to chown(2)
these files. It cannot do so if you have removed the privilege CHOWN (see
setprivgrp(1m); removing CHOWN is recommended to prevent cheating
on disk quotas).
To get around this, noting that /bin/rmail runs setgid to group
mail, you can grant privilege CHOWN to group mail only
by inserting the line mail CHOWN in /etc/privgroup. The change
takes effect on the next reboot, or immediately if you execute the command setprivgrp
-f /etc/privgroup.
Should I worry about owning just a two-user license?
There are several fundamental things to remember about HP-UX licensing:
- Series 700 and Series 800 users are now counted the same way.
- Display console counts as one user.
- Each ASCII terminal counts as a user, regardless of how it is connected.
- The LAN connection counts as one user.
Ascii Terminals:
The simple rule to remember is any ASCII terminal that is logged in counts as
a user.
ASCII terminal connections come in several different forms:
- Direct-connected via a serial terminal multiplexer.
- Connected via Data Terminal Concentrators (DTCs) or via terminal servers.
- Personal Computers (PCs) acting in terminal emulation mode, whether connected
via serial line or via Local Area Network (LAN).
X-terminals and workstations:
When a customer buys an X-terminal or workstation from HP or from another vendor,
HP acknowledges that the customer has also bought a single UNIX license-to-use.
Therefore, the customer has the right to an unlimited number of logins and terminal
windows over the LAN to a Series 700 or Series 800 from either X-terminals or workstations.
These logins can be via X terminal windows (hpterm and xterm),
telnet, rlogin, or other means.
PC's that use X terminal emulation software, such as XView, each count the same
as an X terminal. This is because the PC essentially becomes an X terminal when it
is running the X server software. Therefore, when a PC is running an X terminal emulator,
the PC has the right to an unlimited number of logins to an HP-UX system.
Exceptions:
The policy of counting DTC users is new for the Series 700. Customers who purchased
Series 700 systems prior to HP-UX 9.0 shipments (late 1992) and use them as host
systems for multiple DTC-connected terminals, may continue to use those configurations
without buying a license upgrade.
An update to HP-UX 9.0 will not lock out these configurations.
How can I tell what patches are in my 9.x kernel?
On 9.x, you can run the command what /hp-ux. This will give you a list
of patch strings. This you can compare to the strings in the patch text file to see
if the patches are actually loaded or not.
How can I boot into single user mode?
There are two ways of doing this. You can either run (from the super user login)
init 1, which will bring the system run level down to single user mode,
or you can have it switch at bootup.
If you choose to do it the hard way, do the following:
- 1. Interrupt the automatic boot when asked by the system.
2. At the next prompt, tell the system to boot to the primary boot path. For
example, in 10.x, give the command bo pri to boot to the primary boot disk.
3. It will then ask if you want to interact with the ISL. You reply y.
4. At the ISL prompt, type hpux -iS disc(;0)/hp-ux.
The system will now boot into single user mode.
Why does my Korn shell login hang?
This is usually a problem associated with a user's home directory being in an
NFS mounted directory.
The workaround to the problem is to completely unprotect (chmod 777) .sh_history,
or you can point to a different HISTFILE somewhere on your local machine.
Can I get rid of the copyright notices on login?
Yes. The following code in /etc/profile prints the copyright notice the
first time each user logs in:
NUMLOGINS='/etc/last -2 $LOGNAME | wc -l'
if [ $NUMLOGINS -lt 2 ]
then
cat /etc/copyright
fi
And, for /etc/csh.login:
set NUMLOGINS='/etc/last -2 $LOGNAME | wc -l'
if ( $NUMLOGINS<2 ) cat /etc/copyright
How do I go about turning off quota checking?
Here a few things that you can do:
- 1. rmfn quota fileset
This will still allow you to keep using quotas, as long as the NFS server still has
quota enabled and is exporting it with all the quota settings turned on, even though
the HP itself might not have it. Watch out though, since this deletes /usr/bin/quota.
So make a copy, if you still want to have the ability to run the quota -v
command.
2. mv /usr/bin/quota /usr/bin/quota_check. cp /bin/true /usr/bin/quota
This will still make the login program do the quota check, but at least it goes by
quickly now (as opposed to actually checking every single NFS mount with quota, and
so on.) Then, just run quota_check whenever you want.
3. Remove execute permissions for /usr/bin/quota as in:
$ chmod -x /usr/bin/quota
- This prevents quota from running. It's also a self-documenting flag
in that a future system manager who tries to run /etc/quota will get the
cannot execute error message.
4. chmod -x /usr/bin/quote /etc/edquota
This appears to turn quota completely off (which is what I suspect the vast
majority of people want) and not only speeds up the login process, but eliminates
any annoying messages.
What limits the amount of memory a process uses?
The first limiting factor is probably swap space. The combined virtual data space
of all running processes can't exceed swap size. Run /etc/swapinfo -t and
look at the total line. That's all you have left.
For FORTRAN programs:
- 1. Increase the kernel's stack limit (maxssiz). You can do this
with SAM (Kernel Configuration-> Modify Operating System Parameters-> Process
Parameters). The practical limit for user stacks is around 80 MB. Your system
probably has an 8 MB limit. Try 16 MB or 32 MB depending on your expected use. Give
SAM a number that is a multiple of the 4096-byte pagesize.
2. Change your array allocation. HP FORTRAN allocates noncommon, nonsaved
arrays on the process stack. Common blocks and saved variables are allocated in the
process data segment (with much larger size limits). If your arrays are declared
in the main program and passed to subroutines, you can just save the big ones in
the main program, or put them in a common block in the main program, or recompile
with -K because -K puts all local variables in the data segment.
(-K is a sledgehammer approach, but it gives you a quick indication that
stack size is the issue.)
3. Make sure you have enough swap space.
How can I install ramdisk?
HP does not support this, but you can still install it if you want. First, make
sure ram is configured into your kernel and then make device files with
major 9 (both blcok and char), minor 0xVSSSSS,
where V is the volume number, SSSSS is the number
of sectors in the ram disk, and a sector is 256 bytes.
An example would be:
mknod /dev/ramlm c 9 0x101000
This would make a 1 MB ram disk. Next, you must make a file system on
it, and mount it to be used:
mkfs /dev/ramlm 1024
In addition, you will have to make a block device file.
What is a good suggestion for clearing the /tmp
and /usr/tmp directories?
Here are a couple of scripts to run from cron:
#!/bin/sh
DAYS=7
find /tmp /usr/tmp -depth -hidden -fsonly hfs -atime +$DAYS -exec rm -rf {} ;
The -depth option ensures that no directory is removed before its contents;
-fsonly hfs is used because occasionally I've NFS-mounted directories there,
and it's better to do the clearing in the machine where it's local, and -hidden
is used in case a CD-ROM filesystem (CDFS) appears there for some reason.
Another way of doing it is:
#!/bin/sh
DAYS=7
DIRS="/tmp /usr/tmp"
find $DIRS -type d -atime +$DAYS -exec rm -rf {} ;
find $DIRS ! -type d -atime +$DAYS -exec rm -f {} ;
What is a good way of partitioning HP-UX disks on a
700 series workstation running 9.x?
Following is a sample file that lists the sdsadmin commands to divide
a disk into two partitions. Note that this is specific to the M2654SA disk; your
mileage may vary. The mediainit is probably not required if the vendor has
formatted or verified the disk. It is not supported to partition the boot disk, and
you must go through some contortions to do it.
Note also that, in order to have several partitions on the root disk and
have swap, you must create another partition that you dedicate to swap.
Note that 10.x s700 systems support LVM, which allows great flexibility in partitioning.
#
# SDS configuration file for this node.
#
# To rebuild the /u1 and /news Fujitsu M2654SA disk partitions, do:
# mediainit -v /dev/rdsk/c201d5s0
# sdsadmin -m -C /usr/local/etc/sdsadmin.config.u1news /dev/dsk/c201d5s0
# newfs -L -n -v -m 2 -i 16384 /dev/rdsk/c201d5s1 HP_M2654Su1x1-2
# newfs -L -n -v -m 2 -i 2048 /dev/rdsk/c201d5s2 HP_M2654Su1x1-2
#
# Disk partitions:
#
# 1 /u1 145xxxx 1K blocks (/dev/dsk/c201d5s1, /dev/rdsk/c201d5s1)
# 2 /news 55xxxx 1K blocks (/dev/dsk/c201d5s2, /dev/rdsk/c201d5s2)
# - ----- -------
# 2006016 1K blocks
#
type M2654Su1x1-2
label u1_news
partition 1
size 1450000K
partition 2
size max
What is a good way to print man pages?
You can get all fonts, line widths, and sizes on a Laserjet printer as follows:
zcat manfile.1 | nroff -man -Tlj | lpr (printer)
To get a PostScript printout, with the GNU groff, do the following:
zcat manfile.1 | groff -man -Tps | lpr (printer)
For man pages with tables, you will also have to pipe the output through tbl.
Also, some man pages may need the HP macros to print. For example:
zcat manfile.1 | groff -t -e -C -M/usr/lib/tmac -man -Tps | lp (printer)
You can also print off a more crude version of the man pages by simply piping
the output to the lp command, using the -onroff option:
man <manfile> | lp -onroff
What is a good way to limit core files?
There really is no way to limit core files in the standard shells. However, there
are a couple of workarounds if you know where to expect core dumps to take place.
One is to create a directory called core with no permissions (000)
in the directory in which you expect a core dump to occur. Or you could create a
file called core in the directory where the dump occurs and link it to /dev/null.
Two programs are available that act as wrappers around other programs that you
may expect to dump. These are nocore and corelimit.
In addition, some shells are publicly available, such as tcsh, which
allow you to limit core files.
The only exception to the rule for standard shells comes in version 10.10 and
later, where the csh does allow you to limit the core files.
Here is the source for the corelimit program.
Build it in the usual way (cc -o corelimit corelimit.c) and use it in
the format of: corelimit hpterm 0. This will limit the core file size of
all children of the hpterm process to 0.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#define RLIMIT_CORE 4 /* core file size */
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char **argv;
{
int res;
struct rlimit rlp;
if (argc != 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: wrong number of parametersn", argv[0]);
fprintf(stderr, "tformat: %s command core_sizen", argv[0]);
exit(-1);
}
rlp.rlim_cur = atoi(argv[2]);
res = setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlp);
if (res < 0) {
perror("setrlimit: RLIMIT_CORE");
exit(-2);
}
system(argv[1]);
}
Or, you can edit /etc/vuerc to start all of VUE that way:
at line 22 replace:
exec $VUELOGIN $VL_ARGS </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1
with:
exec /usr/local/bin/nocore $VUELOGIN $VL_ARGS </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1
Is it possible to put more than one backup volume on
a tape with fbackup?
Unfortunately, fbackup will always rewind the tape on you. However, here
are some alternatives:
- 1. Stick with dump/cpio/tar.
2. Use a pipe. Instead of telling fbackup where the DAT is, let it
send its output to stdout (-f -) and pipe it to the DAT, using
Berkeley no-rewind device and dd with a suitable block size (for instance,
10 KB). You'll lose fast search and resync capability after error functionality,
though. Also, the complexities of managing multiple archives per tape make this a
high risk proposition.
3. Turn your machines into a cluster served by the one with the DAT and do
all backups there. Unfortunately, clusters are not supported by HP-UX 10.0, so this
is not a long-term solution.
4. Use NFS and mount the disks of the machine without DAT to the other machine
and back them both up there. You'll have to mount them with root permissions, and
restoring a completely destroyed root disk will be messy.
I have a large number of patches that must be loaded
onto a machine. Is there any way to do this automatically?
You can do batches of patch installs at one time on both 9.x and 10.x, though
they use different methods.
For 9.x, you must set up a netdist server by running /etc/updist
to load all the patches you want into a netdist area. Then you start /etc/netdistd
to install everything from there.
10.x has a utility called swcopy that you use on each patch to copy the
patch into a central depot. You can then use the swinstall utility to install
all the patches from this depot.
What's the best way to set up an HP-UX workstation as
an X terminal?
Do the following steps:
- 1. Install the minimum operating system with network and X11. When you
install X11, you have to install it without Motif or VUE).
2. Edit the /etc/inittab file and change the following lines:
init:2:initdefault:
vue :34:respawn:/etc/vuerc #VUE validation and invocation
- to:
init:3:initdefault:
vue :34:respawn:/usr/bin/X11/X -query HOSTNAME # X server startup
- 3. Replace HOSTNAME with the name of the host running
the X Windows server and reboot.
How come I'm unable to access all of my swap space?
In the kernel parameter, the default value of maxswapchunks is defined
as 512 MB. When you add more swap to the system, you also must increase the value
of maxswapchunks.
What must I do to get a daemon to successfully start
from /etc/rc in HP-UX 9.x?
/etc/rc kills all child processes on exit; daemons started from localrc()
(for example) must have called setsid() and have been given time to "daemonize"
themselves.
If your system doesn't have the C compiler, you can use a call to nohup
to start the daemon instead of calling setsid().
Another trick that works is to include the following command in the rc
file:
/usr/bin/at now + 1 minute < /etc/rc.at
Then create a file named /etc/rc.at, which should contain the command
to start the daemon. Your daemon will start one minute after the rc file
calls the command. You can use times other than one minute as well.
How come I sometimes just "lose" my /dev/null?
This is a problem that may occur when root invokes the C compiler on
a nonexistent file in 9.x. You may want to track down any root commands that may
be doing this.
What can I do to trace network packets?
HP has a utility called nettl to trace all packets seen by the device
driver on the HP nodes, except diskless packets. These packets are those sent by
the node or addressed to the node.
Here are the steps to follow when using this utility:
- 1. Start trace--Put data into 1 MB trace file. The data will
be stored in /tmp/raw.TRC0 and /tmp/raw.TRC1. The most recent data
will always be in TRC0. When it fills up, TRC0 is renamed TRC1,
and new logging continues in the TRC0 file. They fill up quickly!
/etc/nettl -tn pduin pduout -e all -f /tmp/raw
- If you need to trace a LOOPBACK interface as well, consider:
/etc/nettl -tn pduin pduout loopback -e all -f /tmp/trace
- 2. Stop trace as soon as an event occurs!
/etc/nettl -tf -e all
- 3. Format trace into a print file:
/etc/netfmt -N -n -l -f /tmp/raw.TRC0 [ -c /tmp/filter ] > /tmp/fmt0
/etc/netfmt -N -n -l -f /tmp/raw.TRC1 [ -c /tmp/filter ] > /tmp/fmt1
-N - print in "nice" format (e.g. interpret)
-n - print IP addresses, not hostnames
-l - do not highlight fields (for hpterm)
-f - optional, use a filter file (see "filtering", below)
NOTE: netfmt takes a while to
run! There will be plenty of information in the trace file--interpretation
may be necessary!
- 4. Filtering. Create a filter file to tell netfmt what packets
you are interested in seeing.
E.g. only display packets to/from IP address 192.10.10.1:
filter ip_saddr 192.10.10.1
filter ip_daddr 192.10.10.1
Filter out all put NFS packets (to/from UDP port 2049)
filter udp_sport 2049
filter udp_dport 2049
Filter out all but TCP packets to/from port 25 (sendmail)
filter tcp_sport 25
filter tcp_dport 25
Filter on ethernet addresses:
filter dest 08-00-09-49-91-4a
filter source 08-00-09-49-91-4a
- You can put these together (filter all NFS packets to or from an IP address).
filter ip_saddr 192.10.10.1
filter ip_daddr 192.10.10.1
filter udp_sport 2049
filter udp_dport 2049
For some reason my Alt key combinations don't work in
emacs X mode. How can I fix this?
Run the following through xmodmap:
keysym Alt_L = Meta_L
keysym F12 = Multi_key
clear mod1
add mod1 = Meta_L
clear mod2
add mod2 = Alt_R Mode_switch
keysym Alt_R = Mode_switch
The result is:
The left Alt key acts as the Meta key.
The right Alt key (Alt Gr) selects the extra characters Martin is talking about.
(AltGr-o = o).
It is even possible to use both Alt keys together, resulting in Meta versions
of the extra characters.
Why can't I get FLEXlm-based licensing to work?
There is a bug in version 2.4 that requires /dev/lan0 to have read and
write permissions for everyone. This may be a bit insecure, but in versions after
2.4 this was fixed.
If you can't upgrade right away, here is a workaround:
- 1. Create a new group called lan0.
2. Modify the groups and permissions to look like this:
crw-rw---- 1 root lan0 52 0x202000 May 20 1993 /dev/lan0
- 3. Change the groups and permissions with g+s on any binaries
that need to access /dev/lan0. For example, for Interleaf, you need to do
this for /interleaf/ileaf5/hp700/bin:
-rwxr-sr-x 1 compsci lan0 5255168 Jan 29 1992 ileaf
There will probably be a problem if you are using an FDDI card, particularly if
there is no Ethernet card present in the machine. The problem would pop up when you
run the Flex utility lmhostid, as it might not return the LAN address of
the FDDI card. This specific problem occurred in 9.01 and may not be present in later
releases, but just be aware of the problem.
If you are running 9.01 you can get the patch PHNE_4003 to fix this problem.
How do I set up group-based FTP access?
Here is how to set up ftp so that a group of users only have ftp access, they
all have their own individual password, but they all access the same set of files
(the system thinks they are all really the same ftp user). With only a slight change,
you can have a group of users, all of whom only have ftp access, each with their
own individual password, and access only to their own set of files (this is left
as an exercise for the reader).
- 1. Set up anonymous ftp (assumed in later instructions to be at /users/ftp).
2. Add a user and group to /etc/passwd and /etc/group.
For example, in /etc/passwd:
ftpuser:*:1000:1000:FTP User:/users/ftp/ftpusers:/bin/false
- and in /etc/group:
ftpgroup:*:1000:ftpuser
- Note that ftpuser login is disabled (a * in the password field).
This allows various utilities (such as ls) to recognize files that belong
to an ftp user (particularly important for backups).
3. In /users/ftp/etc, you must have group and passwd
files of the same format as their related system files. For example, in /users/ftp/etc/group
add:
ftpgroup:*:1000:
- and in /users/ftp/etc/passwd add:
ftpuser:*:1000:1000:FTP User:/ftpusers:/bin/false
- Also, for each individual to whom you want to give access, add an additional
entry. Note that these have passwords (see passwd(1) for instructions on
setting passwords in this file).
george:3RgfBzfnipJPQ:1000:1000:George Smith
(FTP User):/ftpusers:/bin/false
- A few things to notice. ftpuser is disabled. The home directory for
ftpuser is simply /ftpusers, because anonymous ftp performs a chroot
to the home directory specified for ftp in /etc/passwd (see chroot(2)
and chroot(1M) for details). george has the same user ID, group
ID, and home directory that ftpuser has. george will login as george
with his own password.
4. Under /users/ftp, create the directory ftpusers. Make
this directory with owner ftpuser and group ftpgroup, with 770
permissions. This effectively prevents anonymous ftp access to this directory, since
it is not world readable/writable.
That's it.
Users access the system via anonymous:
$ ftp sysname
Connected to sysname.whatever.
220 sysname FTP server
Name (something:someuser): ftp
331 Guest login ok, send ident as password.
Password:
230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp>
Then, they use a sublogin to access their files:
ftp> user george
331 Password required for george.
Password:
230 User george logged in.
ftp> pwd
257 "/ftpusers" is current directory.
ftp>
Users are placed in whatever directory is specified as their home directory in
/users/ftp/etc/passwd (relative to the chroot at /users/ftp).
To remove access, remove their passwd entries from
/users/ftp/etc/passwd.
This is all documented (though poorly) in the various ftp-related man pages.
What does the number in the uname tell me?
The first number will always be 9000 (at least for HP-UX boxes). The second number,
however, does relate to specific machine types. Here is a translation:
Model number on the String returned
outside of the box by uname -m
------------------- ---------------
default ----------> 9000/800
E25 --------------> 9000/806
E35 --------------> 9000/816
E45 --------------> 9000/826
E55 --------------> 9000/856
F10 --------------> 9000/807
F20 --------------> 9000/817
H20 --------------> 9000/827
K400 -------------> 9000/829
F30 --------------> 9000/837
G30/H30 ----------> 9000/847
I30 --------------> 9000/857
G40/H40 ----------> 9000/867
I40 --------------> 9000/877
G50/H50 ----------> 9000/887
I50 --------------> 9000/897
G70/H70 ----------> 9000/887
I70 --------------> 9000/897
G60/H60 ----------> 9000/887
I60 --------------> 9000/897
T500 -------------> 9000/891
If HP-UX can't determine the model number of the machine, it defaults to 9000/800
(800 as a general designation for servers). If you get this as a return value, you
probably should contact HP to update your stable storage in your machine.
TIP: If you are using HP-UX 10.0, you
can run the model command to show which model you have.
Can I get an MS-DOS floppy formatted using HP-UX?
Although you can use the dosif commands to read and write to floppies,
there really is no fully supported way of formatting a floppy.
There is a workaround though. First, perform the basic mediainit with
the -f16 switch (which will cause the floppy to be formatted with the full
80 tracks, rather than HP's default safer, but nonstandard, 77+3 spare tracks, 512-byte
sectors, with no sector skew). This is the setting for most standard PC floppies.
Next, you copy the FAT, directory, label, and other such disk information into
the first N sectors, where N=20 would be more than enough.
Before you can copy the disk header onto other disks, you must first copy it from
an already formatted, blank PC diskette. You do can this with the following command:
dd if=/dev/rfloppy of=/(directory) bs=512 count=20
To format a floppy, you simply write back that header to each floppy to be formatted
with the same command, only you need to switch the if and of commands.
A variant of this command for faster formatting would be:
dd of=/dev/rfloppy if=/(the copied header) ibs=512 count=20 obs=9k conv=sync
Doing this will cause the floppy I/O to be done in multiples of 9 KB, or one cylinder
at a time.
You should also have two headers: one for 720 KB and one for 1.44 MB floppies.
The following is a ksh script to determine the capacity of a floppy loaded
in the drive:
#!ksh
kbsize=$( diskinfo -b /dev/rfloppy 2>/dev/null )
if (( $? != 0 || $kbsize == 0 )) ; then
print -u2 "$0: No media found"
rm -f core # 9.01s700 diskinfo coredumps
exit 1
fi
Is there any way to get the MAC address of a network
card automatically?
The following is some sample LLA code for determining the MAC address of your
station's card. It will only work on 9.x or previous versions of HP-UX. For 10.x,
you need to use DLPI code, which can be found on HPSL. The document number is CWA940907000,
and it gives a more thorough explanation.
/*
Here's some sample code that you can use to get your own station address (otherwise
known as MAC address or LAN card address). Be sure to compile this with the -ln
option, since the net_ntoa(3N) call is found in /usr/lib/libn.a.
This program was compiled by doing: cc get.c -o get -g -ln.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
struct fis s_fis;
int lanic;
char *ascii[6];
if (argc < 2) {
printf ("Usage: %s <device file>n", argv[0]);
exit (1);
}
lanic = open(argv[1], O_RDWR);
if (lanic < 0) {
perror("Error in opening %s", argv[1]);
printf("Error = %dn", lanic);
exit(1);
} else {
s_fis.reqtype = LOCAL_ADDRESS;
s_fis.vtype = INTEGERTYPE;
ioctl(lanic, NETSTAT, &s_fis);
net_ntoa(ascii, s_fis.value.s, 6);
printf("Station address of %s is %sn", argv[1], ascii);
s_fis.reqtype = PERMANENT_ADDRESS;
s_fis.vtype = INTEGERTYPE;
ioctl(lanic, NETSTAT, &s_fis);
net_ntoa(ascii, s_fis.value.s, 6);
printf("Permanent Station address of %s is %sn", argv[1], ascii);
close(lanic);
}
}
Is there a way to disable IP forwarding in 9.x?
First, you must be logged in as root. Then you can use the following
commands:
adb -w /hp-ux /dev/kmem
ipforwarding/W 0
ipforwarding?W 0
<CTRL-D>
Any time you install a new kernel, you must repeat these steps to disable IP.
Are threads supported on HP-UX 9.0?
A user space thread package was shipped with the DCE product. On HP-UX 10.0, this
package was shipped as part of the operating system.
Why can't I type an @ character?
You probably have the @ key set to a kill character. To check this, run the command
stty -a to see the settings. If it is set to kill, you can reset the kill
character by running the command stty kill ^C.
In addition, you should add this line to your .profile or .cshrc
file to get this option every time you log in.
I have a 9.x machine, and I want to check to see if
a specific fileset is installed on my machine. How would I go about that?
You can create a script on your machine that checks to see whether all the files
are installed in the correct place. It won't, however, check file permissions or
whether the kernel files are in the kernel.
#!/bin/sh
FSET=/etc/filesets/$1
if [ "$FSET" = "" ]; then
echo "syntax of command $0 Filesetname "
exit 1
fi
if [ ! -f $FSET ]; then
echo "Fileset $FSET not found"
exit 1
fi
# simple test to see non zero size files of any type
while read File
do
if [ ! -s $File ]; then
echo "$File not found"
fi
done < $FSET
exit
Certain filesets have their own verify scripts in 9.x. These are:
NS-SERV, which has the script /usr/nettest/nsverify/ver_ns
STREAMS, which has the script /usr/bin/strvf
Can you bundle up a package of files on HP-UX 9.x?
The fpkg program is used to build a special tar file that is
readable by the update utility. That way, you can just install any fileset
that you can create with the update utility.
In addition, you must create a PDF file with the mkpdf program.
The following will add the PDF file:
pn MY-PROD
pd My product description
fv V.1.0.0
F
> <somedir>/PDF /system/MY-PROD/PDF <
pr <somedir>/prod-dir
F *
The reason you add this is because the PDF file contains a complete file
manifest, which tech support can use to verify that the files in a product are correctly
installed with the command pdfck.
I have a 700 series workstation, and I just put in a
new network card. When I do an ifconfig to set the IP address, I get the
error message ifconfig: no such interface. What's wrong?
The network interfaces in 700 workstations must be connected to a network before
you can configure them with ifconfig. That error message indicates that
the interface's hardware state is down.
To get it going again, plug it into a network and reset the network with the following
command:
/usr/bin/landiag
If no errors are returned, you should be able to run ifconfig to set
the IP settings.
How would I go about disabling new logins?
It's actually quite easy. Add an empty file in the /etc directory called
nologin. Then, add the following lines to /etc/profile:
uid='id -u'
if [ -f /etc/nologin -a $uid -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Sorry, no login allowed, try later!"
sleep 5
exit 0
fi
What is the difference between HP-UX 9.x and HP-UX 10.20?
The biggest change is the move from the VUE graphical desktop to the CDE (Common
Desktop Environment). This is the new industry standard UNIX desktop that will replace
VUE in future releases. The main differences are as follows:
New and more customizable Front Panel:
Graphical MIME-enabled mail application
Graphical Calendar
Graphical Print Queue Manager
New terminal emulator
Action and datatype syntax changes
ToolTalk messaging support
Desktop application registration
More standard X-Windows stuff is part of the installation:
Athena Widget library (Xaw)
X Miscellaneous Utilities library (Xmu)
Imake
HP also implemented a new filesystem layout modeled after the AT&T SVR4 and
OSF/1 standard. The files are organized into categories such as static versus dynamic,
executable versus configuration data, and so forth.
In addition, OS software is kept in separate directories from application software.
System shared files are kept in separate directories from host-specific files.
SAM can be accessed by regular users, but only on a limited basis. Specified users
can be given more access to SAM functionality or other custom utilities that may
be part of SAM. In certain cases, these users are actually promoted to superuser
while they are executing SAM functions.
In addition, certain commands were modified:
- du -k -- reports disk usage in 1024-byte blocks instead for 512-byte
blocks.
- csh -- the limit built-in command is available, LINES
and COLUMNS are set when csh starts.
- passwd -- New password aging options.
What changes are present from 10.01 to 10.2?
The following is different between the two:
- Large Filesystems--The maximum filesystem size has been increased from 4 GB to
128 GB.
- Large Files--The maximum file size is 128 GB.
- Large User IDs--The maximum UID is 2,147,483,646 or 2 to the 31st power minus
2.
- Lots of patches are incorporated into 10.20.
- du -k -- reports disk usage in 1024-byte blocks instead of 512-byte
blocks.
- Common Desktop Environment--CDE is the new industry standard UNIX desktop, which
will replace VUE in future releases.
Where are all my filesystems in 10.x? Where did /usr/local
go, and what is /usr/contrib used for?
Here is a short list of a few standard directories and what goes into them:
- /opt: Optional HP software packages like the ANSI C & C++ compilers
and debuggers.
- /opt/hppd: Pre-compiled HP public domain software downloaded from the
anonymous server at http://hpux.cae.wisc.edu/
or http://hpux.cs.utah.edu/.
- /usr/contrib: Unsupported, third-party or public domain software compiled
and maintained by the local operations group on their software depot. For example:
nn, gzip, Gnu tools, and perl5.
- /usr/local: Workstation-unique software packages that the user has installed
himself or are local to a specific machine. This directory is world writable.
What's new with the HP-UX 10.x automounter?
HP-UX 10.x ships with an automounter running with a -hosts option. You
can then define /net/hostname/directory/..., and the automounter does the
rest.
The automounter is a nice feature, in that you don't have to worry about misplaced
exported NFS directories on bootup. The machine where NFS is exported to will hang
on bootup if the connection with the NFS server is severed in any way.
Without going into SAM in 10.x, how can I change such
settings as hostname, IP address, and DNS Server?
The following shows the switches you can use with /sbin/set_parms:
To change the hostname:
# /sbin/set_parms hostname
To change the IP address:
# /sbin/set_parms ip_address
To change DNS Server, domain, etc.:
# /sbin/set_parms addl_netwrk
or to set everything just like doing the first-time install:
# /sbin/set_parms initial
Be careful with this command: it can be disastrous if checking for such things
as the presence of duplicate addresses is not done first.
What is it that I should include in my PATH and MANPATH
variables?
At the very least, you should add the following to the PATH statement:
- /usr/bin
- /usr/contrib/bin
- /usr/bin/X11
- /usr/contrib/X11/bin
- /usr/contrib/bin/X11
- /usr/ccs/bin
- /opt/CC/bin
- /opt/langtools/bin
If you also have an HP ANSI C compiler installed on the machine, you need to include
these directories:
- /opt/ansic/bin
- /usr/ccs/bin
- /opt/CC/bin
- /opt/langtools/bin
System management pieces go into:
The file /etc/MANPATH actually lists the directories for the man pages.
To set these paths, run the following:
- setenv PATH 'cat /etc/MANPATH'
Why does lpstat report that the printer is
down, even though it is not?
Check to see if the following line is in your /etc/passwd file:
lp:*:7::/var/spool/lp:/sbin/sh
Where is root's shell located?
The location of root's shell must be /sbin/sh, or /bin/csh,
and it must be defined in /etc/passwd. No matter which shell root is using,
it must be located on the root partition since the /usr filesystem is not
mounted when init needs to use the root shell to run the startup scripts.
Programming Related Issues
This sections covers some of the more commonly asked questions regarding C coding.
Where does the GNU C++ compiler look for libraries?
To check where GNU C++ is looking for files, run g++ -v to compile a
file with an include in it. You will see a list of directories that g++
looks into.
In general, the g++ headers are stored in $PREFIX/lib/g++-include,
and the libraries are located in $PREFIX/lib.
Why am I getting the error /usr/ccs/bin/ld: Unsatisfied
symbols: alloca (code)?
You will have to add the /lib/libPW.a library to your link line.
The reason HP never shipped a /lib/libPW.sl may be because they want
to phase out libPW.a in the future. In other words, they may be merging
it into libc.a|sl.
When I compile with C++ I get the message pxdb:
internal error. File won't be debuggable (still a valid executable). What does
it mean?
The reason for the error is that the program /opt/langtools/bin/pxdb
aborted when trying to process the debug information. Since this happened it left
a.out alone.
You may not be able to use xdb nor dde to debug your problem,
except in assembly mode. The version of pxdb that comes with HP-UX 10.20
does have problems like this, so you might want to look for a patch (if one is available).
I'm running a GNU compiler and I'm getting a P-FIXUP
error. What's that?
The question involves the GNU C++ compiler and the linker message below:
gcc test_h.o -o test_h ../libg++.a -lm
ld: R_DATA_ONE_SYMBOL fixup in file ../libg++.a(streambuf.o) for code unsat symbol "abort" - use P' fixup
collect: /bin/ld returned 1 exit status
This is caused by the code generator emitting assembly code in a data subspace
to initialize a function pointer, equivalent to :
.word foo()
where (in this case) foo() is an extern, and shared libraries are referenced
by the executable being built (usually libc.sl).
This problem has been fixed in gcc-2.4.5.u5; if you are still running into this
error:
- 1. You've got an old version of gas. (pa-gas-1.36.u8, I believe, is the
first one to handle this correctly.)
2. You're linking with a library built with some old combination of gcc and
gas.
The solution is to make sure gcc and gas are up-to-date and any libraries have
been built with the latest gcc/gas combination. For a temporary workaround, the option
-static to gcc will suppress dynamic linking and thus avoid the error.
Why can't I do anything with the default C compiler?
The C compiler that is shipped with HP-UX is intended only to rebuild the kernel.
It was not intended for use with program development.
To get a full blown C compiler, you must buy the ANSI C program development bundle.
Or, you could just get a copy of gcc.
How do I get around the error too many defines?
This refers to a deficient table size for C++. Use the -Wp,-Hxxxxxxx
option, where xxxxxxxx is the number of bytes that you will add to
the C++ table size.
In lint or cflow, there is no equivalent to the cc driver's
-W flag to pass options to subprocesses like cpp. However, both lint
and cflow invoke cpp via the cc driver, so you can achieve the same effect
by setting the CCOPTS environment variable.
Here is an example:
CCOPTS="-Wp,-H500000"
export CCOPTS
lint large_file.c
I'm using gcc (the GNU C++ compiler), and I'm getting
the error _builtin_va_start undefined when I build. What going on?
The <varargs.h> and <stdarg.h> include
files define va_start in terms of this function, which is built-in on the
HP C compiler.
If you're using gcc, you should be picking up include files from the
gcc library directory. These include files do the right thing for both GCC
and HP C.
More often than not, these files were never installed, or someone has placed a
copy of varargs.h/stdarg.h into /usr/local/include (gcc searches
there first).
When all else fails, you can replace the definition of va_start as follows,
depending on whether you are using varargs or stdarg (K&R or
ANSI, respectively).
#include <varargs.h>
#ifdef __hppa
#undef va_start
#define va_start(a) ((a)=(char *)&va_alist+4)
#endif
#include <stdarg.h>
#ifdef __hppa
#undef va_start
#define va_start(a,b) ((a)=(va_list)&)
#endif
For <varargs.h>, this replacement should always work.
For <stdarg.h>, this replacement will work unless the last fixed
parameter (b in the call to va_start) is a structure larger than
eight bytes. Large structures are passed by reference, with the callee responsible
for copying the structure to a temporary area if it will be modified. In this case,
&b will take the address of that temporary area instead of the position
in the argument list, and va_next won't work. That's why HP uses a built-in
compiler.
Is there is a way to find out if a program was built
as debuggable?
Yes. Just run the command /usr/contrib/bin/oodump -spaces file.o. If
the output shows a space name $DEBUG$, the program was compiled as debuggable
with the -g option.
Why am I getting errors with FLT_MIN in ANSI
mode?
The C compiler gets hung up on this construct in ANSI mode:
x=FLT_MIX;
The problem is that the ANSI mode (_PROTOTYPES) version of FLT_MIN/FLT_MAX
in <float.h> ends its constants with an F, which the compiler
apparently does not like.
The only workaround is to (temporarily) undef_PROTOTYPES around the <float.h>
inclusion:
#ifdef _PROTOTYPES
#undef _PROTOTYPES
#include <float.h>
#define _PROTOTYPES
#else
#include <float.h>
#endif
What happens with _INCLUDE_xxxx_SOURCE?
The ANSI standard clearly states which identifiers it reserves, and says the rest
are available to you, the programmer. Many important things, such as ulong,
are not specified by ANSI, so ANSI header files are not allowed by the standard to
define them.
Each standard supported by HP-UX (POSIX1, POSIX2, XPG2, XPG3, XPG4, AES, and so
on) has its own set of reserved identifiers and header files, and the convention
is to require -D_POSIX_SOURCE (and all others) to enable their respective
name spaces. Since HP could not predict what future standards would come along and
claim more header files and identifiers, it proved much simpler to make the name
space as restrictive as possible unless -D_HPUX_SOURCE is specified.
While this has turned into one the most frequently asked FAQs about HP-UX, at
least once you learn this, you don't have to deal with inconsistencies again. Had
all nonstandard headers been allowed to define all nonstandard symbols, you'd find
identifiers randomly disappearing from headers over time as they were claimed by
various standards.
Check the man page for cc -Ae; it enables the HPUX_SOURCE name
space.
Why do I need to always explicitly specify -I/usr/include?
You may not be running the correctly updated C compiler. The patches PHSS_3773
for A.09.63, PHSS_4061 for A.09.64 and PHSS_4151 for A.09.65 can
be applied, but they all require the C compiler from the April 1994 Application CD-ROM
(A.09.61).
Why is my syslog() call not doing what I want
it to do?
My program looks like:
#include <syslog.h>
void main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
syslog(LOG_EMERG,"This is an emergency messagen"));
syslog(LOG_ALERT,"This is an alert messagen");
syslog(LOG_CRIT,"This is a critical messagen");
syslog(LOG_ERR,"This is an error messagen");
syslog(LOG_WARNING,"This is a warningn");
syslog(LOG_NOTICE,"This is a noticen");
syslog(LOG_INFO,"This is an informal messagen");
syslog(LOG_DEBUG,"This is a debug messagen");
}
It does not log all the messages to /usr/adm/syslog. Why not?
First of all, the LOG_EMERG cannot be used with user processes and should
return -1 (if you check the return status). This is not documented in the
man page! All the other message should appear, but your /etc/syslog.conf
file might not be configured correctly. To test it, replace the /etc/syslog.conf
file with the following line:
*.debug /usr/adm/syslog
Then kill -HUP 'cat /etc/syslog.pid' Then run the test program and tail
the /usr/adm/syslog file. You should see all the messages:
Nov 23 09:02:54 orca syslogd: restart
Nov 23 09:02:58 orca syslog: This is an alert message
Nov 23 09:02:58 orca syslog: This is a critical message
Nov 23 09:02:58 orca syslog: This is an error message
Nov 23 09:02:58 orca syslog: This is a warning
Nov 23 09:02:58 orca syslog: This is a notice
Nov 23 09:02:58 orca syslog: This is an informal message
Nov 23 09:02:58 orca syslog: This is a debug message
Does HP-UX come with trace?
You can get trace from the Interworks ftp site (ftp.interworks.org).
The following is the README file for trace:
"Trace prints out system call (and optionally kernel) traces of programs.
It compiles and installs fairly easily. It should work fine on 700s running HP-UX
9.X, and probably not at all otherwise.
To run the header file generation scripts, you'll need Perl 4.0pl36 or better,
installed as /usr/local/bin/perl.
If you have problems with too much defining, uncomment HFLAGS in the
Makefile.
If you encounter undefined ioctls, just comment them out and send me
mail about them and what version of HP-UX you're running. fixheader will
make sure that nonexistent header files aren't included.
Trace needs to be installed with setuid root so that users can run it.
What do I have to set to make C programs automatically
generate stack dumps?
There is an undocumented function called U_STACK_TRACE() in libcl.a.
You can set up the signal handling like this:
#include <signal.h>
extern void U_STACK_TRACE();
signal(SIGSEGV, U_STACK_TRACE);
Various Hardware and Peripheral Issues
This section deals with how HP-UX handles its hardware.
I have a 9000/715 workstation with a scanner and CD-ROM
drive. The manuals say not to power off any device on the SCSI chain until the system
is powered off. Do we really need to keep our scanner on all day?
One possible way around this little problem is to put all your peripherals on
a surge protector, leave all the switches in the on position and just turn off the
surge protector.
Using this strategy should prevent the small feedback surges that can occur, as
well as other problems.
Can I get Netscape 3.0 to use the sound capabilities
of my 735 workstation?
Netscape does not supply example mime.types and mailcap files
for UNIX Netscape, nor does it include a Makefile to do a make install.
What you can do is put a mime.types file in /usr/local/lib/netscape
and include these lines:
audio/basic au snd
auto/x-wav wav
You would probably want a mime type file there for helper apps defined
for files with particular extensions (.wav, .doc, .zip, and so on).
The next step is to create a file called /usr/local/lib/netscape/mailcap.
You should include the lines:
audio/basic; /usr/audio/bin/send_sound -u %s
audio/x-wav; /usr/audio/bin/send_sound -wav %s
(If you are using 10.x, you must use /opt/audio/bin/send_sound instead).
The next thing you must do is start running Aserver and run Netscape. Make sure
you start Aserver in the background.
Now that you have these files in place, any time you click on a file with either
of the extensions .au or .wav, it should play the sound file.
Does HP have different keyboards for its workstations
and X Terminals?
There are actually two different keyboards available for HP workstations and X
Terminals.
The default for the workstation is the A1099B keyboard, and the default for X
terminals is the A2205A PC-101-style keyboard.
All 712, 715, and newer workstations do support PS/2 compatible keyboards and
mice.
Is there a way to play audio CDs on an HP workstation?
There is a contributed application, xcd, that will pop up a CD-player
front panel in X Windows. It will work in HP-UX 7.0 and HP-UX 8.0, on Series 300,
400, and 700 machines. Also, it works with either SCSI or HP-IB CD-ROM drives.
In order for the SCSI drives to work, they must be HP-supplied or Toshiba XM-3201B
or XM-3301B. Officially, xcd does not yet work on 9.x, but some people have
tried it and had no problems running it in 9.x.
Unfortunately, xcd plays only through the CD player's headphone jack,
not through the workstation's speaker.
You can get xcd from the InterWorks workstation user group, their ftp
site, the CD-ROM, or DDS tape.
There are two similar programs called xdp and xmcd. They are
basically the same as xcd, but with more functionality.
Can I get an exabyte tape drive to work on an HP?
People have, under HP-UX 8.07, used device files with major number 54,
minor numbers 0x201202 and 0x201203 for /dev/rmt/2m and
/dev/rmt/2mn, respectively, for low density. Other people had used 0x201242
and 0x201243.
Note that with HP-UX 9.01, low density means 8200 format in 8500 drives. Major
number 54, minor numbers 0x201202 and 0x201203 are low
density handles. With 8200 drives, the density does not matter. Software compression
control with 8505 drives will require a patch to HP-UX 9.01.
Some Exabyte drives will not support a dump blocking factor greater than 64 from
the HP. Others are apparently limited in the commands they will accept (TTI noted
that their 8501 tape drive will not properly interface with the HP under all conditions;
however, the TTI 8510 does interface correctly). TTI had a firmware problem, which
should be corrected in recent 8510s.
Note that 8500 drives act as SCSI-2, while 8200s are SCSI-1. People appear to
have been more successful with getting the 8500s to work with 9.01.
Experience has also shown that you may need PHKL_2898. People have also
reported that you need patch PHKL_2838 for HP-UX 9.x to get compression
to work.
Do 700 series workstations have node IDs?
700 series workstations do indeed have node IDs. Most licensing systems, such
as FLEXlm and NetLS, are driven from the LLA, which is found in /etc/lanscan
or /usr/etc/netl/ls_targetid. HP also used a CPU ID number for /etc/update,
which may be a transformation of the LLA. This is not guaranteed to remain the case,
and it may be disturbed by the replacement of the LAN board.
In addition, the LLA (license code) can be reset by a CE (field engineer) if he
uses the correct secret magic program.
What is a safe way to get a stuck DDS tape out of the
tape drive?
Here is a good procedure to follow:
- 1. First turn off the drive. You may be able to get away with just powering
down the tape drive, but you may want to do a shutdown on the system as well first
(if the drive is inside the machine, you will definitely have to shut down the system).
2. Open the top of the tape drive.
3. If you look on the side of the drive, you should see a small rectangular
piece of plastic. You should gently pry this off.
4. That piece of plastic covered a hole, which houses a small dial. If you
spin this dial, it should eject the tape.
5. Now all you have to do is replace the piece of plastic and close everything.
Is there any way I can use the dump utility with a DDS
tape?
Although the dump utility was originally written only for the nine-track
tape system, you can actually fake it into working with DDS tapes.
Here are some parameters and some alternatives for different needs:
The approximate capacity of 60m DDS tape is 1.3 GB.
Approximate DDS tape density is 1.3 GB/60 m = (550KB/inch).
dump assumes an inter-record gap (IRG) of 0.3 inches for density = 6250,
0.7 in otherwise.
dump uses a default blocking factor of 10 for density less than 6250,
32 otherwise.
Alternative 1)
density = 550000
blocking factor = 32 (default)
assumed IRG = 0.7 in
Block length = (32K bytes/block) / (550K bytes/in) + (0.7 in) = (0.76 in)
Effective tape length =
(1.3G bytes) / (32K bytes/block) * (0.76 in/block) = (2511 ft)
Alternative 2)
density = 6250
blocking factor = 32 (default)
assumed IRG = 0.3 in
Block length = (32K bytes/block) / (6250 bytes/in) + (0.3 in) = (5.54 in)
Effective tape length =
(1.3G bytes) / (32K bytes/block) * (5.54 in/block) = (18325 ft)
Alternative 3)
density = 1600
blocking factor = 10 (default)
assumed IRG = 0.7 in
Block length = (10K bytes/block) / (1600 bytes/in) + (0.7 in) = (7.10 in)
Effective tape length =
(1.3G bytes) / (10K bytes/block) * (7.10 in/block) = (75113 ft)
Alternative 4)
density = 1600
blocking factor = 32
assumed IRG = 0.7 in
Block length = (32K bytes/block) / (1600 bytes/in) + (0.7 in) = (21.18 in)
Effective tape length =
(1.3G bytes) / (32K bytes/block) * (21.18 in/block) = (70022 ft)
For a 700 series workstation, what would be the correct
major number for DDS Drives under a 9.x OS?
The major number for DDS drives from 9.01 on is 121, up from the previous 54.
Major number 54 had partition support while 121 doesn't, but 121 does have lun (logical
unit number) support. luns's are another way of defining disks (and sometimes tapes)
to the operating system and segmenting them.
This way you can set it up so the system defines a lun to the tape drive.
How can I get the audio driver pointed to an external
jack on my 700 series workstation?
The audio device file is /dev/audio. The proper settings for an external
jack and an internal speaker are:
crw-rw-rw- 1 root sys 57 0x208011 /dev/audio ; external jack
crw-rw-rw- 1 root sys 57 0x208000 /dev/audio ; internal speaker
In order to make this change to the device driver, use the mknod command:
mknod /dev/audio c 57 0x2080??
All you have to do is replace the ?? with either 11 (external
jack) or 00 (internal speaker).
Where can I get my hands on the specs for audio hardware
on 700 series workstations?
This is a summary of the audio features supported by model 715, 725, 735, and
755 workstations. The 705 and 710 also have audio, but the specs are not available.
The 720, 730, and 750 models do not have audio.
Audio features the programmable sample rates (in kHz): 8, 11.025, 16, 22.05,32,
44.1, and 48.
Programmable output attenuation: 0 to -96 dB in 1.5 dB steps.
Programmable input gain: 0 to 22.5 dB in 1.5 dB steps
Input monitoring
Coding formats: 16-bit linear, 8-bit mulaw, or A-law
Audio inputs Line in (not on all models) Mono microphone with 1.5V phantom power.
Editorial comment: A Sun microphone appears to work just fine.
Audio outputs Line out
(not on all models) Headphone
Mono speaker jacks
Built-in mono speaker
Audio CODEC Crystal CS4215
Typical specifications measured on a stock 715. Values will differ only slightly
on other models.
Frequency response 25 - 20,000 Hz
Input Sensitivity/Impedance
Line In 2.0 V(pk) / 47 kohms
Microphone 22 mV(pk) / 1 kohm
Output Impedance (nominal):
Line out 619 ohms
Headphone 118 ohms
Speaker (ext) 11 ohms
Max Output Level/Impedance:
Line Out 2.8 V (p-p) / 47 kohms
Headphone 2.75 V (p-p) / 50 ohms
Speaker (ext) 5.88 V (p-p) / 48 ohms
Signal to Noise:
Line In 61 dB
Line Out 65 dB
Microphone 57 dB
Headphone 61 dB
Speaker (ext) 63 dB
THD (at nominal load):
Line In -75 dB
Line Out -73 dB
Microphone -73 dB
Headphone -70 dB
Speaker (ext) -68 dB
What's the revision history of the PA-RISC architecture?
In going from the beta-ish PA-RISC 1.0 architecture to the 1.1 architecture,
HP kept the PA-RISC 1.0 standard and simply extended its capabilities. Therefore,
anything that ran on 1.0 will also run on 1.1.
The major changes in going to PA-RISC 1.1 were:
- 16 more floating-point registers.
- The ability to address each double-precision floating-point register as two single-precision
registers.
- New floating-point operations.
- Minor changes with integer handling.
The initial release of PA-RISC 1.1 CPUs came with the first Series 700 workstations,
also known as the Snakes series. Soon after the Snakes release, the Nova series came
out. These were a series of Series 800 servers (8x7) with the same PA-RISC 1.1 CPUs.
From that point on, every new PA-RISC-based machine from HP is based on the PA-RISC
1.1 architecture.
This means all of the 700 series workstations and the newer series 800 (from Nova
on) machines all have the PA-RISC 1.1 standard.
On a Series 700 machine, compiling a program will generate PA-RISC 1.1 code by
default. However, for all Series 800 machines the compiler will generate PA-RISC
1.0 code by default. This is to ensure that the program will run within the entire
800 series family of servers.
You can actually force the compiler to generate PA-RISC 1.0 code by using the
+DA 1.0 compiler option. This will work fine as long as you are careful not to link
your code with any libraries that were compiled for PA-RISC 1.1. If you do compile
any object module in your program, the entire program will be marked as a PA-RISC
1.1 program.
If you use the file command on a program, it will show you which architecture
is required for execution of the program.
Almost all of the system archive libraries that HP ships are compiled for the
PA-RISC 1.0 architecture, with one exception: the math library. This is shipped in
both 1.0 and 1.1 forms; the PA-RISC 1.1 version is located in /lib/pa1.1.
The 1.1 version contains a few entry points that are not available in the 1.0 version.
If you use the scheduling option (+DS xxx), it will not affect the compatibility
of the object code. The only effect it has is in how the optimizer schedules instructions
that have long latencies. With this in mind, it might be a good idea to schedule
the code for the fastest machine currently in production (if you choose to use this
option).
The only thing you really have to worry about when compiling code on one platform
to run on another is the OS release. For example, you can compile a program on a
series 700 machine with the option +DA 1.0 and everything should run fine.
The only requirement is that the program will execute on the same or a later release
of the OS as the one it was compiled on.
An example of a condition where code will not run is where code is compiled on
a 700 machine running 9.0, and you try to run it on an 800 server, which is running
HP-UX 8.0. This does not work.
I've written a tar archive to DDS tape on an
SGI machine, and my HP machine won't read it. How can I get it to read the tape?
To get it to read the tape, you'll have to do a byte swapping operation to get
tar to read it. Here is a sample command:
dd if=/dev/rmt/0m ibs=512k obs=10k | tar -xvf -
You only have to do this for tapes that were created on swapping devices. On IRIX
4 machines, swapping tape devices were the default, and IRIX 5 machines were given
nonswapping devices by default.
For either system, you can use the command /dev/nrtapens on either system
to produce tapes as non-byte swapped. Furthermore, Irix 5.0x and above uses a 512
KB block size. Here is a sample command for reading a tar tape from Irix
5.0x or above:
dd if=/dev/rmt/0m ibs=512k obs=10k | tar -xvf -
Is there any place I can get disktab entries
for third-party disks?
Generally, the supplier should provide a disktab entry. Andataco does
a good job of this. One place to try:
http://hpwww.epfl.ch/HPUX/tools/disktab.html
Additionally, Ion has set up a mail service; to access it, send e-mail to <mailer@hpwww.epfl.ch>
and respect the following syntax for the subject field:
disktab table - returns the available disktab file.
disktab how - returns two methods to create a new disktab entry from scratch.
Patch PHSS_4981 has the disktab entries for the following drives:
Seagate ST32430WD, Seagate ST32430N, Seagate ST31230WD,
Seagate ST31230N, HPC3324A, HPC3324W, HPC3325A, HPC3325W
Seagate ST31200N, Seagate ST31200W, Seagate ST12400N,
Seagate ST12400W, DEC DSP3107LS, DEC DSP3107LSW, DEC DSP3210S,
DEC DSP3210SW, Quantum LPS1080S, Quantum LPS1080WD
I have an internal SCSI on a 700 series workstation.
Do I really need to terminate it?
If there is ever any doubt, do it just to be safe. Some say that the machine will
work, but it will be slowed down by this condition. Fact or fiction? Why take a chance?
How large can I make a partition on a disk on a series
700 workstation running 9.x?
Because the logical volume manager was not implemented on 9.x workstations, you
can only get a maximum 2 GB partition. You can, however, get a SCSI patch that will
boost you up to 3.7 GB.
No matter what size disk you attach to the workstation, it will only be able to
access up to 2 GB (or 3.7 GB) of disk space. If you're stuck with a big disk, however,
at least you can use most of it.
What's a good way to determine the amount of RAM I have
on my system?
Here is a short program that returns the RAM size:
#include <sys/pstat.h>
main()
{
struct pst_static buf;
pstat(PSTAT_STATIC, &buf, sizeof(buf), 0, 0);
printf("Physical RAM = %ldMBn", buf.physical_memory/256);
}
If you are root, you can use adb as follows:
echo "physmem/D" | adb /hp-ux /dev/kmem | tail -1 |
awk '$2 > 0 { print $2 / 256 }'
Of course, the easy way to check memory, if /etc/dmesg is still current,
is to grep it:
/etc/dmesg | grep "real mem" | tail -1 | awk '$4 > 0 { print $4 / 1048576 }'
How can I get the spooler to create cover pages?
There are a few ways you can do this. If you only want to turn it off for one
job, you can use the alias for lp -onb.
If you want to turn off the cover page for all print jobs, choose one of the following
methods, depending on the type of spooler you are using:
- 1. You can edit the file /usr/spool/lp/interface/printer name
and comment out the banner page. If you are using the JetAdmin tool, the actual script
that gets used is /usr/spool/lp/interface/model.orig/printer name.
2. Newer interface files are available in the /usr/spool/lp/interface/
directory. These call /usr/lib/rlp, and if your model script does this,
you can insert the following line before the /usr/lib/rlp statement:
BSDh="-h"
The model script would now look something like this:
...
shift; shift; shift; shift; shift
#You should enter the no banner option here
BSDh="-h"
/usr/lib/rlp -I$requestid $BSDC $BSDJ $BSDT $BSDi $BSD1 $BSD2 ...
...
Why are the filenames for a CD-ROM all UPPERCASE with
a ;1 version numbers attached?
HP-UX uses this convention with CD-ROM filenames because they only support ISO
9660. This does not allow it to translate the all UPPERCASE 8.3 character filenames
to lowercase, nor does it remove the ; version numbers, because they are
stored in exactly this manner on the CD-ROM.
There isn't any problem with HP-UX storing these filenames, but this turns into
a real problem when you try to do simple moves, for instance, on the files since
the ; is a command separator.
Though that problem is really more of a major annoyance than a problem, the real
trouble starts when software that is not written for this filename format tries to
access these files.
Basically, you can do one of three things to get around this problem:
- 1. Write a script (or use cdrutil.ksh, available at many archive
sites) to perform the translation by creating a series of symbolic links. These links
would have to be created and removed after mount and umount commands,
respectively. Some CD-ROMs may require 15-45 minutes to complete this task.
2. Get the patch (These are listed by series #):
PHKL_6075: s700 at 9.03, 9.05, 9.07 (no 9.01 or earlier)
PHKL_6272: s700: 10.01
PHKL_6076: s700: 10.00
PHKL_6338: s800: 9.04 (none prior to 9.04)
PHKL_6077: s800: 10.00
PHKL_6273: s800: 10.01
- These add a modification to the cdfs code, which can translate all mounted
CD-ROMs (not selectively) to accomplish the same task. This patch adds no additional
filesystem support such as POSIX or the RockRidge extensions. This patch can only
be activated by modifying the kernel with adb. An example of how to modify
the 9.xx kernel is shown in the patch. Note that this patch affects every
mounted CD-ROM in the system at the same time.
- 3. Through an agreement with Young Minds, Inc, the Portable File System
(PFS) code has been made available to 700 and 800 series systems running 9.xx
and 10.xx. This code accomplishes not only the lowercase translation and version
removal (both are separate options and can be specified on or off for each CD-ROM),
but also provides RockRidge Extensions (long filenames, ownerships, permissions).
This code is available on the Nov-Dec 1995 application CD-ROM and tapes for the 700s,
and on the Jan-Feb 1996 Application CD-ROM and tapes. The media can be purchased
at any time for a nominal fee.
- PFS handles exporting of CD-ROM filenames as well as importing these names from
other HP-UX systems, and is the most versatile solution to the CD-ROM compatibility
problems in HP-UX.
What is causing HP-UX to insert 4 spaces at the beginning
when I use a parallel port to print?
To get rid of these four spaces, you have to edit the /etc/rc file (in
9.x). Find the line containing the string slp and change it to read
slp -i0.
How can I find how fast my HP-UX 9.x system is?
You can find the system clock speed by typing the following command (you have
to log in as root first):
echo itick_per_tick/D | adb /hp-ux /dev/kmem | tail -n1
| awk '{print $2 / 10000, "MHZ"}'
This will give you the clock speed of the CPU in MHz.
File Locations
It's always frustrating trying to find files and binaries, especially when dealing
with people who, well, may not have a clue what you are talking about.
In this section you should be able to find a few of the more sought after, yet
not-that-often found, files that you may be looking for.
I've upgraded from an 8.x system to 9.x.
Why don't I have xline anymore?
Xline is no longer shipped as part of the OS. There is a much better program called
Glance Plus, which does what xline did and much more.
A trial version of Glance Plus should be included with your software distribution
free of charge. The trial period seems to run out far too soon, so you might want
to think about actually kicking up some dough for this thing (in my estimation, it's
worth it).
Why can't I find the man page Help index on VUE 2.01?
To get this index you must copy over the pre-9.x copies of the files /usr/lib/X11/vue/help/C/manpage.cat
and /usr/lib/X11/vue/help/C/manpage/(all files in this directory) with the
updated manpages.
How can I get my hands on SLIP for HP-UX?
The SLIP distribution is called ppl. It is actually part of the LAN/9000
Link product, and it's available for both 9000 servers and workstations.
Where is the pcnsfd for HP-UX?
It comes packaged with the NFS distribution.
SLIP is all well and good, but I really need PPP. Any
idea where I can get my hands on that?
A company called Morningstar has a commercial implementation available. Take a
look at their ftp site for more details:
ftp.morningstar.com
Another place you might be able to get PPP is the following ftp address:
ftp://ee.utah.edu/ppp/iijpp.0.93.hp.tgz
Be sure to read all the README files that may be there.
Where would I look for STREAMS/UX?
This is being sold as a separate product that can be purchased for use with HP-UX
9.x. It is actually bundled now with 10.x.
STREAMS/UX is based on the OSF/1 STREAMS code, and you can get a datasheet on
it from their fax-back service. The number is 1-800-333-1917, and the document #
is 31502.
Where can I get POSIX threads?
The POSIX user space threads are currently available as part of the DCE product,
which includes thread-safe C libraries.
How about the Interviews product?
There is a product called Interviews Plus, which is available for both servers
and workstations. For the s800 servers, the product number is B2625A, and for s700
workstations, the product number is B2626A.
How do I get my hands on POP for HP-UX?
You can get the pop3d package from the Interworks archive site:
ftp://interworks.org/pub/comp.hp
This will give you a list of available software.
The company Qualcomm also maintains a POP called qpopper, which is a modified
version of Berkeley's 1.831 beta popper. The current version can be found at:
ftp://ftp.quallcomm.com/quest/unix/servers/popper/
Any idea where I can get disktab entries for
certain Seagate drives?
If you are missing some disktab entries for drives, you need to get the
patch PHSS_4981. The following disktab entries are covered in that
patch:
Seagate ST32430WD
Seagate ST32430N
Seagate ST31230WD
Seagate ST31230N
Seagate ST31200N
Seagate ST31200W
Seagate ST12400N
Seagate ST12400W
HPC3324A
HPC3324W
HPC3325A
HPC3325W
DEC DSP3107LS
DEC DSP3107LSW
DEC DSP3210S
DEC DSP3210SW
Quantum LPS1080S
Quantum LPS1080WD
Version 10.x Specifics
A number of things have changed with the move from 9.x to 10.x,
and if you think file locations is the extent of the changes, you may want to sit
down before you read further.
This section contains some of the more frequently asked questions people, along
with clarifications of some of the more common misconceptions.
Is there a way to get Multiple IP addresses on one interface?
Yes, but you have to get HP ServiceGuard to allow you to configure multiple IP
addresses on one interface.
So, what version of named is running at HP-UX
10.0?
The version shipped for 10.0 is Version 4.8.3. To find the current version, you
can use the what command. For example:
$ what /usr/sbin/named
/usr/sbin/named:
Copyright 1986, 1989, 1990 Regents of the University of California
named 4.8.3 Tue Nov 1 17:03:51 GMT 1994
Where can I get documentation on HP-UX 10.0?
The two URL sites are:
http://support.mayfield.hp.com/
http://us.external.hp.com/
Specifically, the URL for any particular document is:
http://us.external.hp.com/kdb-bin/wwwsdoc.pl?<Document
ID>
You can also have HP send you a specific document by mail. To get it, just send
a message to support@us.external.hp.com.
The body of the message should read:
send doc <Document ID>
Of course, to get the Doc ID, you must access the site, so while you're there
you might as well go ahead and print it, if you have the capability to do so.
What is SD-UX, and why is it taking the place of the
/etc/update utility?
This is a complete change to the distribution format for software. HP now uses
the Software Distributor 2.0 to install, update, remove, and package HP-UX software
for 10.x. This is commonly called SD-UX.
Unfortunately, this also means that /etc/update won't even recognize
10.x software in this format and vice versa.
SD does provide some nice tools over /etc/update though. SD also offers
three new user interfaces to replace /etc/update's user interface:
- 1. An interactive graphical user interface available for the swinstall,
swcopy, and swremove commands.
2. An interactive user interface suitable for ASCII terminals (on S800) for
the swinstall, swcopy, and swremove commands.
3. A noninteractive command line user interface for all commands.
Version 9.10
HP-UX version 9.10 is used for the Series 300 and Series 400 machines, which run
on the Motorola 68k platform.
What are some of the highlights of 9.10?
The HP-UX 9.10 release for Series 300/400 provides many tools to improve interoperability
with Series 700/800 10.x systems:
- * Interoperability Links--A set of symbolic links for your 9.x system
that provide a 10.x view of the file system directory. Load from the TLINKS
fileset in the new INTEROP partition.
- SD 9.10--A subset of HP-UX 10.x Software Distributor (SD-UX) is provided
for compatibility with 10.x. Load from the new INTEROP partition.
- Common User Environment--A fileset of scripts to help you create common .profiles.
- Remote SAM--Allows you to run single-mode SAM in mixed 9.x/10.x
environments.
- XTERM300--Loading this fileset from the new INTEROP partition to a Series
700 10.x server allows booting your Series 300/400 workstation as an Xterminal.
- Network Time Protocol (NTP)--Implements the XNTP precision time-of-day
function available with HP-UX 10.0 on your Series 300/400 workstation.
Summary
This chapter provides a fairly well-rounded group of answers to frequently asked
questions that may pop up from time to time on most HP 9000 systems. I won't pretend
to have answered anywhere near all of the questions that everyone may have, but I
hope you were at least able to come away knowing what the problem wasn't.
Some material in this chapter was taken from the HP-UX FAQ.
©Copyright,
Macmillan Computer Publishing. All rights reserved.
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